Physical Features of India
Mountains, plains, deserts, plateaus and coasts give India its variety. Chapter 2 of the NCERT Class 9 Geography textbook, Contemporary India Part One, describes the Himalayan ranges and their formation, the Northern Plains built by the Indus, Ganga and Brahmaputra, the Peninsular Plateau, the Indian Desert, and the coastal plains and islands. It explains tectonic origins, differences between the Himalayas and the peninsula, and how each landform supports farming, minerals, settlement and life.
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