World Climate and Climate Change
NCERT Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Class 11, Chapter 12 explains world climate through temperature, pressure, winds, and rainfall and their seasonal shifts. It presents the Koeppen scheme with tropical humid, dry, warm temperate, cold snow forest, and polar groups, giving examples from equatorial forests to hot deserts and tundra. It links jet streams, monsoons, El Nino, and ocean currents to regional climates. It closes with evidence of global warming, greenhouse gases, and the human effects of climate change.
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