Composition and Structure of Atmosphere
NCERT Fundamentals of Physical Geography, Class 11, Chapter 8 describes the blanket of gases around Earth, mostly nitrogen and oxygen with traces of carbon dioxide, dust, and water vapour. It layers the sky into the troposphere of weather, the ozone rich stratosphere, the cold mesosphere, and the thin thermosphere where meteors burn. The chapter shows how each layer guards life, steadies temperature, and filters harmful rays. Simple diagrams link altitude, pressure, and temperature so readers picture the air above them.
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