Challenges to and Restoration of the Congress System
NCERT Class 12 Political Science, Politics in India Since Independence, Chapter 5 explains the Congress split of 1969 over the presidential contest and Indira Gandhi's populist turn with the slogan of removing poverty. It follows the 1971 victory, the Bangladesh war, the Allahabad judgment and the Emergency of 1975 with press censorship and arrests. The chapter closes with the Janata victory of 1977 and the Congress return in 1980, showing how the party system fractured yet democratic contest survived.
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