Bhakti-Sufi Traditions

NCERT Themes in Indian History, Part II, Class 12, Chapter 6 gathers the voices of Bhakti and Sufi devotion from the eighth to the eighteenth century. It follows Alvar and Nayanar saints, Virashaiva vachanas, Kabir, Nanak, Mirabai, and Surdas singing of a formless or loving god beyond caste. It sits in Chishti khanqahs and Sufi dargahs where music and service drew crowds. It reads hagiographies, songs, and shrine records to show how devotion reshaped prayer and community.

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