Population: Distribution, Density, Growth and Composition
NCERT India People and Economy, Class 12, Chapter 1 studies the size, spread, and structure of India population through census data. It maps dense settlement in the northern plains and Kerala against sparse hills and deserts, traces growth phases from the great divide of 1921 to rapid increase after independence, and explains birth, death, and migration effects. It analyses sex ratio, age composition, literacy gaps, and occupational shares in farming, industry, and services.
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