Political Parties
This chapter of the NCERT Class 10 Democratic Politics II textbook, Chapter 4, explains why parties are indispensable for representative government. It describes their functions in contesting elections, forming governments, shaping opinion and providing access to power, and distinguishes national and state parties recognised by the Election Commission. It surveys one party, two party and multiparty systems, examines challenges such as dynastic control, money power and lack of internal democracy, and discusses reforms including anti defection law and transparent funding.
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