Constitution as a Living Document
NCERT Class 11 Political Science, Indian Constitution at Work, Chapter 9 explains why the Constitution can be amended yet remains durable, tracing the procedure under Article 368 with special majorities and ratification by states. It follows major amendments and the basic structure doctrine from the Kesavananda Bharati judgment, showing how Parliament's power and judicial review balance each other. The chapter closes by asking how an open yet stable Constitution has carried democracy through changing decades.
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